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抵御肠癌的新型靶向疗法

首页 » 研究 » 肿瘤 2014-09-24 转化医学网 赞(12)
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近日,来自欧洲癌症干细胞研究所的研究人员通过研究揭示是否Wnt信号通路的改变会抑制肠癌的发生,从而为开发新型疗法提供依据,相关研究刊登于国际著名杂志PLoS Genetics上。

众所周知,肠癌的发生是由于蛋白质Wnt控制的肠道细胞中关键机制的失调而引发的,其往往表现为肿瘤细胞的异常生长及增殖;尽管失调的Wnt信号通路和肠癌的关联非常清楚,但是以Wnt信号通路为靶点的靶向疗法却尚未成功开发,因此研究者表示,以该信号途径为靶点的新型疗法或许可以有效治疗癌症。
近日,来自欧洲癌症干细胞研究所的研究人员通过研究揭示是否Wnt信号通路的改变会抑制肠癌的发生,从而为开发新型疗法提供依据,相关研究刊登于国际著名杂志PLoS Genetics上。
文章中,研究者鉴别出了结直肠癌蛋白质Brg1的一个新型角色,正常情况下Brg1蛋白是Wnt通路的开关,在正常组织和肿瘤组织中其可以参与一系列的机体生化代谢过程中;当前很多体内和体外研究都表明,Brg1或许是一种特殊的肿瘤抑制子,当其失活后就会促进肿瘤发展。
研究者Clarke说道,在肠道中由于Wnt信号通路异常调节而引起肿瘤发生的整个过程或许也是蛋白质Brg1调节的一种模式,而本项研究中研究者调查了Wnt信号通路和Brg1之间的功能关联,利用一系列的转基因技术,研究者发现Brg1失活后反而会导致肿瘤形成受阻碍,进而促进小鼠生存,Brg1剔除后会直接影响肠道中干细胞样细胞的命运,这就也表明,Brg1或是一种潜在的靶点,来帮助开发治疗肠癌的新型疗法。(转化医学网360zhyx.com)

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转化医学网推荐的原文摘要:

Brg1 Loss Attenuates Aberrant Wnt-Signalling and Prevents Wnt-Dependent Tumourigenesis in the Murine Small Intestine
Holik AZ, Young M, Krzystyniak J, Williams GT, Metzger D, et al.
PLoS Genetics DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004453
Tumourigenesis within the intestine is potently driven by deregulation of the Wnt pathway, a process epigenetically regulated by the chromatin remodelling factor Brg1. We aimed to investigate this interdependency in an in vivo setting and assess the viability of Brg1 as a potential therapeutic target. Using a range of transgenic approaches, we deleted Brg1 in the context of Wnt-activated murine small intestinal epithelium. Pan-epithelial loss of Brg1 using VillinCreERT2 and AhCreERT transgenes attenuated expression of Wnt target genes, including a subset of stem cell-specific genes and suppressed Wnt-driven tumourigenesis improving animal survival. A similar increase in survival was observed when Wnt activation and Brg1 loss were restricted to the Lgr5 expressing intestinal stem cell population. We propose a mechanism whereby Brg1 function is required for aberrant Wnt signalling and ultimately for the maintenance of the tumour initiating cell compartment, such that loss of Brg1 in an Apc-deficient context suppresses adenoma formation. Our results highlight potential therapeutic value of targeting Brg1 and serve as a proof of concept that targeting the cells of origin of cancer may be of therapeutic relevance.

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