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腾讯登录FOX:一个简单的血液测试让你知道未来患乳腺癌的
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<br/><strong>Asimple blood test: Genetic mutations and breast cancer（</strong><br/>
<br/><strong>一个简单的血液测试：基因突变和乳腺癌）</strong><br/>
当你在很年轻的时候确诊为乳腺癌的时候，你会有很多的问题。最大的问题是为什么。这是为什么现在就会发生在我身上，我只有30岁啊？一个简单的血液测试，回答我的问题。当我开始治疗乳腺癌，我的肿瘤科医生做了个测试，检查我是否带有称为BRCA1和BRCA2的基因突变。BRCA1和BRCA2基因是肿瘤抑制基因，这两个基因突变与乳腺癌和卵巢癌密切相关的。
<p style="text-align: left;"><!--more--></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">这个基因突变来自带这些基因突变的父母任何一方，若为阳性，患乳腺癌的风险是非常高的。我的BRCA1基因突变检测呈阳性，因此我患乳腺癌的风险高达87％。很多患有有三阴性乳腺癌的年轻女性都带有BRCA1基因突变。BRCA基因突变经常发生在东欧犹太人，也被称为德系犹太人的身上。我是犹太人，而且我的曾祖父母是来自奥地利和俄罗斯。</p>
<p style="text-align: left;" align="center">当一个女人被诊断出患有乳腺癌，并发现她携带BRCA基因突变时，医生经常建议进行乳房切除术。据位于纽约市斯隆-凯特琳癌症纪念中心的研究，如果一个女人她的一个乳房已经患上了乳腺癌，那么在最初诊断的十年内，她有25％至30％的可能性第二个乳癌也会患病。此外，如果你是BRCA阳性，但尚未被诊断出患有乳腺癌，有些妇女也会进行切除手术以预防乳腺癌阻止发病。梅奥诊所的研究表明，预防性乳房切除术可以减少90%患乳腺癌的风险，服用避孕药的他莫昔芬预防可减少50％的风险。这些都是非常个人的决定，并应与值得信任医疗机构进行商议。</p>
<p style="text-align: left;" align="center">原文：</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">When you’re diagnosed with breast cancer at a young age, you have a lot of questions. The biggest question is why. Why did this happen to me now, when I am only 30 years old? A simple blood test answered the question for me. Once I started treatment, my oncologist tested me to see if I had a genetic mutation called BRCA1 and BRCA2. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor suppressors, and mutations of these genes are strongly linked to breast and ovarian cancer. These mutations are inherited from a parent who has the mutation, and if positive, the risk for breast cancer is extremely high. I tested positive for BRCA1 mutation, and my risk for breast cancer was 87 percent. Many young women who have triple negative breast cancer also have BRCA1 mutations. BRCA mutations are mostly found in Jewish people who are from Eastern Europe, also known as Ashkenazi Jews. I am Jewish, and my great-grandparents were from Austria and Russia.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">When a woman is diagnosed with breast cancer and also finds out she carries a BRCA mutation, mastectomies are frequently advised. According to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City, if a woman has already developed breast cancer in one breast, she has a 25 to 30 percent chance of a second breast cancer within 10 years of original diagnosis. Additionally, if you are BRCA positive but have not yet been diagnosed with breast cancer, some women have preventative mastectomies to try and prevent breast cancer. Mayo Clinic research shows that preventative mastectomies can reduce breast cancer risk by 90 percent and taking the pill Tamoxifen preventatively can reduce risk by 50 percent. These are very personal decisions to make, and should be discussed with a trusted medical professional.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;" align="center">译者:苏格兰卷耳猫</p>
<p style="text-align: left;" align="left">原文地址: <a href="http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/10/22/simple-blood-test-genetic-mutations-and-breast-cancer/?intcmp=trending">http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/10/22/simple-blood-test-genetic-mutations-and-breast-cancer/?intcmp=trending</a></p>
<img src="http://images.huanqiu.com/blog/attachments/2012/10/23/S0D20121023212008MT896147.jpg" alt="" width="569" height="297" />
<br/><strong>Asimple blood test: Genetic mutations and breast cancer（</strong><br/>
<br/><strong>一个简单的血液测试：基因突变和乳腺癌）</strong><br/>
当你在很年轻的时候确诊为乳腺癌的时候，你会有很多的问题。最大的问题是为什么。这是为什么现在就会发生在我身上，我只有30岁啊？一个简单的血液测试，回答我的问题。当我开始治疗乳腺癌，我的肿瘤科医生做了个测试，检查我是否带有称为BRCA1和BRCA2的基因突变。BRCA1和BRCA2基因是肿瘤抑制基因，这两个基因突变与乳腺癌和卵巢癌密切相关的。
<p style="text-align: left;"><!--more--></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">这个基因突变来自带这些基因突变的父母任何一方，若为阳性，患乳腺癌的风险是非常高的。我的BRCA1基因突变检测呈阳性，因此我患乳腺癌的风险高达87％。很多患有有三阴性乳腺癌的年轻女性都带有BRCA1基因突变。BRCA基因突变经常发生在东欧犹太人，也被称为德系犹太人的身上。我是犹太人，而且我的曾祖父母是来自奥地利和俄罗斯。</p>
<p style="text-align: left;" align="center">当一个女人被诊断出患有乳腺癌，并发现她携带BRCA基因突变时，医生经常建议进行乳房切除术。据位于纽约市斯隆-凯特琳癌症纪念中心的研究，如果一个女人她的一个乳房已经患上了乳腺癌，那么在最初诊断的十年内，她有25％至30％的可能性第二个乳癌也会患病。此外，如果你是BRCA阳性，但尚未被诊断出患有乳腺癌，有些妇女也会进行切除手术以预防乳腺癌阻止发病。梅奥诊所的研究表明，预防性乳房切除术可以减少90%患乳腺癌的风险，服用避孕药的他莫昔芬预防可减少50％的风险。这些都是非常个人的决定，并应与值得信任医疗机构进行商议。</p>
<p style="text-align: left;" align="center">原文：</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">When you’re diagnosed with breast cancer at a young age, you have a lot of questions. The biggest question is why. Why did this happen to me now, when I am only 30 years old? A simple blood test answered the question for me. Once I started treatment, my oncologist tested me to see if I had a genetic mutation called BRCA1 and BRCA2. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor suppressors, and mutations of these genes are strongly linked to breast and ovarian cancer. These mutations are inherited from a parent who has the mutation, and if positive, the risk for breast cancer is extremely high. I tested positive for BRCA1 mutation, and my risk for breast cancer was 87 percent. Many young women who have triple negative breast cancer also have BRCA1 mutations. BRCA mutations are mostly found in Jewish people who are from Eastern Europe, also known as Ashkenazi Jews. I am Jewish, and my great-grandparents were from Austria and Russia.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">When a woman is diagnosed with breast cancer and also finds out she carries a BRCA mutation, mastectomies are frequently advised. According to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City, if a woman has already developed breast cancer in one breast, she has a 25 to 30 percent chance of a second breast cancer within 10 years of original diagnosis. Additionally, if you are BRCA positive but have not yet been diagnosed with breast cancer, some women have preventative mastectomies to try and prevent breast cancer. Mayo Clinic research shows that preventative mastectomies can reduce breast cancer risk by 90 percent and taking the pill Tamoxifen preventatively can reduce risk by 50 percent. These are very personal decisions to make, and should be discussed with a trusted medical professional.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;" align="center">译者:苏格兰卷耳猫</p>
<p style="text-align: left;" align="left">原文地址: <a href="http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/10/22/simple-blood-test-genetic-mutations-and-breast-cancer/?intcmp=trending">http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/10/22/simple-blood-test-genetic-mutations-and-breast-cancer/?intcmp=trending</a></p>
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