Med Hypotheses：黄连素具有治疗糖尿病骨病潜力

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糖尿病骨病是一种并发症，导致骨密度下降、骨折愈合缓慢风险增高。糖尿病骨病是在破骨细胞增加和成骨发生减少的结果。

各方面的因素即炎症增加标志物的氧化应激、PPAR-γ等激活成骨细胞，激活细胞凋亡途径，增加血糖水平，抑制主要负责骨密度下降的甲状旁腺激素作用。

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黄连素是一个异喹啉生物碱，作为传统医药已在亚洲国家广泛使用。黄连素被广泛报道是一种抗氧化剂，具有抗炎、抗糖尿病功效，并具有治疗糖尿病并发症和糖皮质激素引起的骨质疏松作用。黄连素减少破骨细胞可以假设为抑制糖尿病骨病的主要机制。此外，黄连素有利于提高成骨细胞的活性以及调控成骨细胞分化的蛋白表达。

凋亡通路刺激炎症标志物和核酸损害的增加，黄连素也可以减少阻断上述机制。另一个重要的考虑是黄连素对胰高血糖素样肽释放和胰岛素的敏感性具有刺激作用，这将有助于降低血糖水平，因此也可能作用于糖尿病骨病。

噻唑Thiazolidinediones激活成骨细胞中的PPAR-γ导致骨质流失，而黄连素仅刺激脂肪细胞的PPAR-γ，而不影响成骨细胞，因此应使用噻唑Thiazolidinediones导致骨质流失可用黄连素代替治疗。

黄连素减少糖尿病进展中的晚期糖化最终产物（AGE）的形成，这将最终有助于减少AGE诱导的胶原纤维的刚度。总之研究揭示黄连素可能有治疗糖尿病骨病的潜力。

编译自：<a title="" href="http://sciencealerts.com/stories/1940301/Possible_therapeutic_potential_of_berberine_in_diabetic_osteopathy.html" target="_blank">Possible therapeutic potential of berberine in diabetic osteopathy</a>
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<img src="http://www.bioon.com/biology/UploadFiles/201207/2012072722573742.gif" alt="" width="115" height="150" border="0" />

<a title="" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2012.06.016" target="_blank">doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2012.06.016</a>
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<br/><strong>Possible therapeutic potential of berberine in diabetic osteopathy
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A.B. Rahigude, S.V. Kaulaskar, P.S. Bhutada

Diabetic osteopathy is a complication that leads to decreased bone mineral density, bone formation and having high risk of fractures that heals slowly. Diabetic osteopathy is a result of increase in osteoclastogenesis and decrease in osteoblastogenesis. Various factors viz., oxidative stress, increased inflammatory markers, PPAR-γ activation in osteoblast, activation of apoptotic pathway, increased glucose levels and inhibitory effect on parathyroid hormone etc. are mainly responsible for decreased bone mineral density. Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid widely used in Asian countries as a traditional medicine. Berberine is extensively reported to be an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and having potential to treat diabetic complications and glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis. The osteoclastogenesis decreasing property of berberine can be hypothesized for inhibiting diabetic osteopathy. In addition, chronic treatment of berberine will be helpful for increasing the osteoblastic activity and expression of the modulators that affect osteoblastic differentiation. The apoptotic pathways stimulated due to increased inflammatory markers and nucleic acid damages could be reduced due to berberine. Another important consideration that berberine is having stimulatory effect on glucagon like peptide release and insulin sensitization that will be helpful for decreasing glucose levels and therefore, may exerts osteogenesis. Thiazolidinediones show bone loss due to activation of PPAR-γ in osteoblasts, whereas berberine stimulates PPAR-γ only in adipocytes and not in osteoblasts, and therefore the decreased bone loss due to use of thiazolidinediones may not be observed in berberine treatment conditions. Berberine decreases the advanced glycation end-products (AGE) formation in diabetic condition which will be ultimately helpful to decrease the stiffness of collagen fibers due to AGE-induced cross linking. Lastly, it is also reported that berberine has inhibitory effect on parathyroid hormone and enhances marker genes like osteocalcin, which are responsible for the osteoblastic activity. From these evidences, we hypothesized that berberine may have potential in the treatment of diabetic osteopathy.

<br/>来源：生物谷

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