BMJ：压力与癌症没关系

近日，发表在《英国医学杂志》上的一项研究成果显示：在职场中遇到的困难和工作压力或许会让人身心疲惫，但并不会增加人们患上某些癌症，如结直肠癌、肺癌、乳腺癌或前列腺癌的风险。
研究人员从芬兰、法国、荷兰、瑞典、丹麦和英国共选取11.6万名年龄在17—70岁之间的男女志愿者，将他们的工作分为4种类型：高压型，即工作要求高，对工作的控制性低;主动型，即工作要求高，对工作的控制性强;被动型，即工作要求低，对工作的控制性低;低压型，即工作要求低，对工作的控制性强。在随后12年的跟踪调查期内，研究人员发现，这11.6万个人中，共有5700多人患上癌症，但各种工作类型患癌几率比较平均，说明患癌风险与工作压力之间不存在任何相关关系。


原文链接：

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Work stress and risk of cancer: meta-analysis of 5700 incident cancer events in 116 000 European men and women

Objective To investigate whether work related stress, measured and defined as job strain, is associated with the overall risk of cancer and the risk of colorectal, lung, breast, or prostate cancers.

Design Meta-analysis of pooled prospective individual participant data from 12 European cohort studies including 116 056 men and women aged 17-70 who were free from cancer at study baseline and were followed-up for a median of 12 years. Work stress was measured and defined as job strain, which was self reported at baseline. Incident cancers (all n=5765, colorectal cancer n=522, lung cancer n=374, breast cancer n=1010, prostate cancer n=865) were ascertained from cancer, hospital admission, and death registers. Data were analysed in each study with Cox regression and the study specific estimates pooled in meta-analyses. Models were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol intake

Results A harmonised measure of work stress, high job strain, was not associated with overall risk of cancer (hazard ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.90 to 1.04) in the multivariable adjusted analyses. Similarly, no association was observed between job strain and the risk of colorectal (1.16, 0.90 to 1.48), lung (1.17, 0.88 to 1.54), breast (0.97, 0.82 to 1.14), or prostate (0.86, 0.68 to 1.09) cancers. There was no clear evidence for an association between the categories of job strain and the risk of cancer.

Conclusions These findings suggest that work related stress, measured and defined as job strain, at baseline is unlikely to be an important risk factor for colorectal, lung, breast, or prostate cancers.

来源：生命时报