JECH：维生素D缺乏增加老年人患肺炎风险

东芬兰大学的一项研究表明，血清低维生素D是肺炎的一个危险因素。血清维生素D水平最低的个体感染肺炎的风险是血清维生素D水平高的个体的2.5倍。这项研究结果发表在流行病学和社区健康杂志上。

公共卫生UEF研究所进行的随访研究调查了维生素D3和感染肺炎风险之间的关系。这项研究调查了东芬兰省库奥皮奥地区的1421位居民。比较1998-2001年期间抽取的血液样本中维生素D3的水平和1998-2009年期间报道的同一组受试者中住院肺炎病例记录。结果显示，在随访期间，血清维生素D3水平最低的受试者感染肺炎的风险是高血清维生素D3水平受试者的2.5倍。此外，吸烟构成了肺炎的另一个危险因素。感染肺炎的风险随着年龄增长而增加，并且男性高于女性。在研究之初，受试者的平均血清维生素D3浓度为43.5 nmol/l，平均年龄为62.5岁。

先前的研究显示，维生素D不足使免疫系统功能减弱，同时增加轻微呼吸道感染的风险。东芬兰大学的研究首次证明了维生素D不足也增加老年人患肺炎的风险。调查者表示，这项结果支持了既往对于维生素D在人体扮演多种角色的观察，并且它提示维生素D缺乏作为一个公共健康问题，还需要更深入地研究。在北纬地区，夏季充足的日照维持了足够的维生素D，但是冬季补充维生素D是必要的。在芬兰，60岁以上的人群推荐每日补充20mg维生素D。

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Low Vitamin D Levels a Risk Factor for Pneumonia

A University of Eastern Finland study showed that low serum vitamin D levels are a risk factor for pneumonia. The risk of contracting pneumonia was more than 2.5 times greater in subjects with the lowest vitamin D levels than in subjects with high vitamin D levels. The results were published in Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.
The follow-up study carried out by the UEF Institute of Public Health investigated the link between serum vitamin D3 and the risk of contracting pneumonia. The study involved 1,421 subjects living in the Kuopio region in Eastern Finland. The serum vitamin D3 levels of the subjects were measured from blood samples drawn in 1998-2001, and these data were compared against reported cases of pneumonia in hospital records in the same set of subjects in 1998-2009. The results showed that during the follow-up, subjects with serum vitamin D3 levels representing the lowest third were more than 2.5 times more likely to contract pneumonia than subjects with high vitamin D3 levels. Furthermore, smoking constituted a significant risk factor for pneumonia. The risk of contracting pneumonia also grew by age, and was greater in men than women. At baseline, the mean serum D3 concentration of the study population was 43.5 nmol/l, and the mean age of the study population was 62.5 years.
Earlier research has shown that vitamin D deficiency weakens the immune defence system and increases the risk of mild respiratory infections. This University of Eastern Finland study was the first one to establish that vitamin D deficiency also increases the risk of contracting pneumonia in the aging general population. According to the researchers, this finding supports earlier observations on the diverse role of vitamin D in the body, and it also calls for further research on vitamin D deficiency as a public health issue. In northern latitudes, there is enough sun exposure to maintain sufficient vitamin D levels in summer, but not during the winter season, and vitamin D supplementation is often required. The recommended daily intake of vitamin D in Finland is 20 micrograms for those over 60 years of age.



来源：丁香园