JNCI：每日服用阿司匹林可降卵巢癌风险

        美国国家癌症研究所一项新研究显示，每天服用阿司匹林可以把女性罹患卵巢癌风险降低 20%。不过，研究人员同时强调，还需进一步研究才能把这个结论作为临床建议推荐。

        卵巢癌是女性健康的一大威胁，每年仅美国就有逾 2 万人确诊患卵巢癌，1.4 万女性死于这种疾病。早期卵巢癌可成功治疗，但早期卵巢癌症状与消化系统疾病和膀胱疾病类似，因此卵巢癌常常到晚期才被发现。

        美国国家癌症研究所研究人员指出，晚期卵巢癌治疗选择有限，治疗效果不理想，因此预防措施对控制卵巢癌问题至关重要。阿司匹林具有抗炎症的效果，之前研究显示每日服用阿司匹林能够降低罹患结肠直肠癌、黑色素瘤等癌症的风险，因而他们开展了迄今最大型的研究来评估阿司匹林与卵巢癌风险之间的关系。

        研究人员分析了来自约 8000 名卵巢癌患者和近 1.2 万名未罹患卵巢癌女性的数据，这些人中有 18% 经常服用阿司匹林。结果发现，与每周服用阿司匹林不到一次的女性相比，每天服用阿司匹林的女性患卵巢癌风险降低 20%。相关论文发表在新一期《国立癌症研究所杂志》上。

        参与研究的美国国家癌症研究所布里顿·特拉贝特博士说：“我们的研究表明阿司匹林也可以降低卵巢癌风险，但这一结果不应影响当前的临床实践。我们还需要更多的研究以探索这种潜在防癌药物的风险与益处的平衡。”

        阿司匹林是常用的解热、镇痛及消炎药，但它也有导致上消化道出血和出血性中风的副作用。研究人员因此提醒，每日服用阿司匹林必须获得医生的许可。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）

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Aspirin in Prevention of Ovarian Cancer: Are We at the Tipping Point?


Experimental, epidemiological, and clinical data over the last two decades have supported the hypothesis that aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) possess anticancer properties. Experimental data suggest induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, and enhanced cellular immune responses as possible mechanisms (1). Epidemiological studies have in many cases shown an inverse association between cancer incidence and regular administration of NSAIDs (2), whereas clinical data have demonstrated reduction in the development of cancer precursor lesions as well as cancer incidence and mortality rates after regular administration of such drugs (3,4). Positive effects have been demonstrated most clearly in colorectal cancers, but accumulating data support the hypothesis that benefit is likely for a much broader spectrum of malignancies, including ovarian cancer (5). Increasing interest in the issue led to an international consensus statement published in 2009 in the Lancet, which emphasized the substantial potential for chemoprevention using anti-inflammatory medications while highlighting the need for well-designed clinical trials able to adequately assess risk and benefit and ultimately help define individuals who may benefit from such intervention (6).

Ovarian cancer continues to be the most lethal of all gynecological cancers, largely because of delayed presentation of symptoms, rapidly acquired chemoresistance, and a paucity of newer effective agents. Screening methods have to date proved largely ineffective, and chemoprevention remains a vastly understudied paradigm. Within this context, the Trabert et al. article (7) in this issue of the Journal is a much welcomed addition to published literature



来源：bio360