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腾讯登录新型微芯片系统或可助力肿瘤靶向性研究
| 导读 | 近日，来自普渡大学的科学家开发了一种特殊的芯片，其可以刺激肿瘤细胞生存的“微环境”，并且以该芯片为基础开发的新型系统可以检测靶向作用癌症的药物或纳米颗粒的有效性，相关研究刊登于国际杂志Journal of Controlled Release上。 |
近日，来自普渡大学的科学家开发了一种特殊的芯片，其可以刺激肿瘤细胞生存的“微环境”，并且以该芯片为基础开发的新型系统可以检测靶向作用癌症的药物或纳米颗粒的有效性，相关研究刊登于国际杂志Journal of Controlled Release上。
这种新型系统名为肿瘤微环境芯片设备（T-MOC设备），该设备可以帮助研究者研究肿瘤周围复杂的微环境及阻断靶向药物攻击的屏障；目前研究人员正在利用多种制剂来优化药物靶向运输的方法，这其中包括利用多种纳米结构的分子选择性地攻击肿瘤组织等。研究者表示，其中一种方法就是设计一种足够小的纳米颗粒，使其可以通过肿瘤周围组织的血管，但是纳米颗粒的尺寸又不能太大，以免损伤正常组织。研究者Altug Ozcelikkale说道，T-MOC系统可以刺激肿瘤周围的复杂微环境，详细揭示纳米颗粒在微环境中的运动方式，这就可以大大帮助优化药物的靶向运输技术。这种T-MOC芯片大约4.5平方厘米（正方形），其中包含培养肿瘤细胞和内皮细胞的微流体通道，这种芯片掺入了细胞外基质支架结构，支架结构由组织细胞中的胶原所组成。
研究者开发的新型微芯片系统不仅可以作为一种新型的常规实验方法，而且对于研究癌细胞开发靶向疗法也非常有用。研究者Han表示，更为重要的是目前T-MOC系具有模拟人类癌症的潜力，下一步他们还将利用人类乳腺癌和内皮细胞来检测这种新型系统，相信对该研究的深入开发或许在某一天可以帮助科学家开发出靶向抗癌药物。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）
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转化医学网推荐的原文摘要：
Simulation of complex transport of nanoparticles around a tumor using tumor microenvironment-on-chip
Journal of Controlled Release DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.08.027
Bongseop Kwaka, 1, Altug Ozcelikkalea, Crystal S. Shinb, Kinam Parkb, c, Bumsoo Hana
Delivery of therapeutic agents selectively to tumor tissue, which is referred as “targeted delivery,” is one of the most ardently pursued goals of cancer therapy. Recent advances in nanotechnology enable numerous types of nanoparticles (NPs) whose properties can be designed for targeted delivery to tumors. In spite of promising early results, the delivery and therapeutic efficacy of the majority of NPs are still quite limited. This is mainly attributed to the limitation of currently available tumor models to test these NPs and systematically study the effects of complex transport and pathophysiological barriers around the tumors. In this study, thus, we developed a new in vitro tumor model to recapitulate the tumor microenvironment determining the transport around tumors. This model, named tumor-microenvironment-on-chip (T-MOC), consists of 3-dimensional microfluidic channels where tumor cells and endothelial cells are cultured within extracellular matrix under perfusion of interstitial fluid. Using this T-MOC platform, the transport of NPs and its variation due to tumor microenvironmental parameters have been studied including cut-off pore size, interstitial fluid pressure, and tumor tissue microstructure. The results suggest that T-MOC is capable of simulating the complex transport around the tumor, and providing detailed information about NP transport behavior. This finding confirms that NPs should be designed considering their dynamic interactions with tumor microenvironment.
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