哮喘症或可明显增加个体心脏病发作风险

  在2014年美国心脏协会科学会议上，来自威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校医学院等处的研究人员的两项研究报告中指出，需要每日用药进行治疗的哮喘症或许可以明显增加个体患心脏病发作的风险。研究者指出，医生们需要用尽全力去控制每一个哮喘症患者心血管疾病风险的可调因子。
  研究者Matthew C. Tattersall表示，我们这项研究涉及进行了6个社区多种族研究，涵盖6792名个体，我们分析追踪了个体心脏病发病早期的迹象，其中参与个体的平均年龄为62岁，47%为男性；28.4%为高加索人；28%为非洲裔美国人；22%为西班牙人，其余12%为美籍华人。
  在调整了心脏病风险因子后，研究者发现，相比非哮喘症个体来讲，每日服用60%药物的哮喘症个体在接下来的10年里或更易于引发心血管事件，比如心脏病发作、中风或相关的症状。哮喘症及心脏病都和个体机体炎性水平的增加直接相关。该研究中，相比非哮喘症个体，服用控制性药物的哮喘症个体机体的炎性标志物水平明显较高，比如C反应蛋白和纤维蛋白原。
  而另一项在明尼苏达州奥姆斯戴德县进行的研究中，研究人员对相同年龄和性别的543名心脏病发作病人和543名非心脏病发作的病人进行对比研究，患者平均年龄为67岁，44%为女性，95%的参与者均为高加索人；在控制了传统的心脏病风险因子的前提下，研究人员研究发现，相比非哮喘症患者来讲，诊断为哮喘症的患者患心脏病发作的风险高于前者70%。
  最后研究者Young J. Juhn说道，胸部不适或疼痛常被混淆为哮喘症的症状，但因为哮喘症可增加个体患心脏病的风险，而针对每一个患者的疗法又不尽相同，因此该研究或为后期科学家们开发新型治疗哮喘症的新方法从而预防心脏病发生提供新的思路和线索。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）
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"Physicians should do all they can to control every other modifiable cardiovascular risk factor in patients with asthma," said Matthew C. Tattersall, D.O., M.S., study author and an assistant professor of medicine in the Division of Cardiology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison, Wisconsin.
Tattersall's study (Abstract 15991) involved 6,792 participants in the six-community Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), which tracks early signs of developing heart disease. Patients were an average 62 years old, 47 percent male, 28.4 percent Caucasian, 28 percent African-American, 22 percent Hispanic and 12 percent Chinese-American.
After adjustment for heart disease risk factors, researchers found that people with asthma who required daily medications were 60 percent more likely to have a cardiovascular event such as a heart attack, stroke or related condition during a 10-year follow-up than people without asthma.
Asthma and heart disease are associated with increased levels of inflammation in the body.
In the MESA study, asthmatics on controller medications, compared to non-asthmatics, had significantly higher levels of inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein and fibrinogen. The latter is a measure of blood stickiness that inflammation can worsen. Patients with a history of asthma but not currently requiring daily medication had intermediate levels of these markers.
In a study (Abstract 16110) in Olmstead County, Minnesota, researchers compared 543 patients who had a heart attack with 543 non-heart attack patients the same age and gender. The average age of patients was 67, 44 percent were women and 95 percent of the participants were Caucasian.....