PNAS：肥皂中的三氯生或可致肝脏肿瘤

  三氯生是一种常用于肥皂、洗发水、牙膏和许多其它家居用品中的抗菌物质，尽管其被广泛使用，但来自加利福尼亚大学的研究者表示，长期暴露于三氯生中或引发严重的后果，相关研究刊登于国际杂志PNAS上，文章中研究者发现，三氯生可以引发实验室小鼠肝纤维化及癌症的发生。
  Robert H. Tukey博士表示，近年来对环境样本中三氯生的检测不断增加，随着三氯生越来越广泛用于消费产品中，其或许会对人类机体引发一定的肝脏毒性；三氯生在小鼠机体中也会引发潜在的危险，尤其是当其同其它具有类似毒性的化合物进行联合作用时对机体的伤害愈大。
  研究者Mei-Fei Yueh表示，我们发现三氯生可以破坏小鼠模型机体肝脏的完整性及降低肝脏的功能，而暴露三氯生中6个月会使得小鼠对化学性诱导的肝脏肿瘤更加敏感，这种肿瘤尺寸较大而且相比未暴露三氯生的小鼠，暴露三氯生的小鼠发生肿瘤的频率较高。研究者分析三氯生或许可以通过干扰一种名为组成型雄甾烷受体的蛋白来对机体产生损伤，组成型雄甾烷受体是机体中一种清除外来化合物的蛋白质；为了弥补这种压力，肝脏细胞会不断增殖并且随着时间开始发生纤维化，重复的三氯生暴露及连续的肝脏纤维化最终将促进肿瘤形成。
  有研究揭示在97%的母乳样本及约75%的人类尿液中都检出了三氯生，其在环境中广泛存在，而且三氯生是美国水流中经常检测的7种化合物中的一种。研究者Hammock最后表示，我们可以通过减少三氯生的大量使用来降低三氯生在人类和环境中的含量，相关研究由美国公共卫生署提供资助。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）
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The commonly used antimicrobial additive triclosan is a liver tumor promoter
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1419119111
Mei-Fei Yueha, Koji Taniguchib, Shujuan Chena, Ronald M. Evansc, Bruce D. Hammockd,1, Michael Karinb, and Robert H. Tukeya,1
Triclosan [5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol; TCS] is a synthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial chemical used in a wide range of consumer products including soaps, cosmetics, therapeutics, and plastics. The general population is exposed to TCS because of its prevalence in a variety of daily care products as well as through waterborne contamination. TCS is linked to a multitude of health and environmental effects, ranging from endocrine disruption and impaired muscle contraction to effects on aquatic ecosystems. We discovered that TCS was capable of stimulating liver cell proliferation and fibrotic responses, accompanied by signs of oxidative stress. Through a reporter screening assay with an array of nuclear xenobiotic receptors (XenoRs), we found that TCS activates the nuclear receptor constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and, contrary to previous reports, has no significant effect on mouse peroxisome proliferation activating receptor α (PPARα). Using the procarcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN) to initiate tumorigenesis in mice, we discovered that TCS substantially accelerates hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, acting as a liver tumor promoter. TCS-treated mice exhibited a large increase in tumor multiplicity, size, and incidence compared with control mice. TCS-mediated liver regeneration and fibrosis preceded HCC development and may constitute the primary tumor-promoting mechanism through which TCS acts. These findings strongly suggest there are adverse health effects in mice with long-term TCS exposure, especially on enhancing liver fibrogenesis and tumorigenesis, and the relevance of TCS liver toxicity to humans should be evaluated.