新型动物模型或可再现人类肿瘤场景

  近日，来自加泰罗尼亚肿瘤研究所和Bellvitge生物医学研究所（ICO-IDIBELL，音译）的研究团队开发了一种新型的动物模型，这些动物模型可以真正重现不同的人类肿瘤的进化及恶化过程，相关研究发表于国际杂志Cancer Research上。

  这项研究可以帮助研究者们实现在实验室中观察小鼠模型中人类肿瘤的恶化转变过程，从而为及早预测肿瘤的复发及开发有效的疗法来抑制肿瘤恶化提供一定的帮助。

  文章中，研究者通过将人类肿瘤组织植入到小鼠模型机体的合适部位，从而开发出了原位的小鼠模型（orthoxenograft），比如当对病人进行活组织检查或者提取肿瘤，就可以将肿瘤植入到小鼠模型的相同器官中进行分析研究；随后小鼠模型就可以再现人类肿瘤的组织学特性、遗传学特性以及癌症的扩散模式。

  研究者表示，当然我们同时也可以在小鼠模型中进行治疗人类疾病的相同疗法，并且监测疗法的进程，从而有助于阐明、评估癌症复发的风险及疗法的有效性和副作用；研究者补充道，利用这种新型的动物模型也有助于疾病个体化疗法的检测和模拟，这无疑可以帮助开发有效治疗疾病的个体化靶向疗法。

  目前研究人员已经同西班牙国立癌症研究中心(CNIO)及波士顿儿童医院的研究人员进行联合研究，成功获得了结肠癌、肺癌及卵巢癌的动物模型，研究者希望后期通过更为深入的研究来开发出更多种类的癌症动物模型，从而为进一步开发治疗癌症的疗法提供希望。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）

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This facilitates parallel tumor progression in patients suffering from the disease in an animal laboratory mice in this case; and predict possible relapses and anticipate what will be most effective treatments.

The technique relies on the use of orthotopic mice models (orthoxenograft®), by implanting human tumors in the appropriate body of the mouse. For example, when a biopsy is made to the patient or the tumor is extracted, can be implanted at the same organ in the mouse.

Thus, the animal model reproduces histological, genetic and epigenetic the human tumor characteristics and patterns of spread, which is not achieved with other methods of implementation.

Meanwhile, you can apply the same treatment to the patient in the mouse, and monitor progress, opening the door to assess the risk of relapse and the most effective treatment with fewer side effects in each case, getting a personalized therapy, as each patient would have a corresponding animal model.

The ICO-IDIBELL team, in collaboration with the CNIO in Madrid, and the Boston Childrens Hospital has successfully obtained models in colon, lung and ovarian cancer.

This work has been published in Cancer Research.