新型唾液快速诊断法有助检测登革热特异性抗体

  近日，来自新加坡A*STAR研究所的研究人员开发出了一种新型设备，其利用个体的唾液在20分钟内就可以检测出登革热相关的特异性抗体，该设备目前正在进一步优化准备商业化，相关研究刊登于国际杂志Lab on a Chip上。

  研究者Jackie Y. Ying教授说道，我们开发的这种新型快速的诊断试剂盒可以在个体早期感染阶段利用唾液检测出登革热特异性抗体，而且其可以有效区分初期登革热感染和继发性登革热感染，帮助医生们进行有效的诊断及改善患者的机体健康。当前登革热感染的诊断仅仅是在实验室检测登革热抗原或者抗体的存在，而这种新型试剂盒则能够检测出个体继发性感染后唾液中的登革热特异性抗体IgG。

  唾液并不像血样，其可以很容易被收集而且可以进行轻松快速的现场即时诊断；然而唾液也并不像其它体液那样，可以被直接用于商业化的可用检测试剂盒的开发；本文研究者利用了一种创新性的叠加设计克服了当前面临的困难，比如妊娠检测试剂盒的开发等。在这种新型试剂盒中，研究人员利用一种叠加的系统开发出了针对多种样本和试剂的不同路径，从而就可以使得唾液通过一种玻璃纤维格被分离出来进而进行检测。

  研究者表示，这种检测试剂盒目前还可以用于检测其它感染性疾病，比如HIV和梅毒等，他们希望可以通过后期更为深入的研究来利用这种新型试剂盒分析其它常见的液体样本，比如血液、尿液和血清等。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）

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转化医学网推荐的原文阅读：

A stacking flow immunoassay for the detection of dengue-specific immunoglobulins in salivary fluid
Lab Chip DOI: 10.1039/C4LC01127A
Yi Zhang,a   Jianhao Baia and    Jackie Y. Ying*a
Paper-based immunoassays, usually in the form of lateral flow tests, are currently the standard platform for home diagnostics. However, conventional lateral tests are often complicated by severe non-specific adsorption of detector particles when applied to test samples containing salivary fluid. It is believed that a high concentration of proteinaceous substances in salivary fluid causes particle aggregation and adhesion. In this study, we developed a stacking flow platform for single-step detection of a target antibody in salivary fluid. Stacking flow circumvents the need for separate sample pre-treatments, such as filtration or centrifugation, which are often required prior to testing saliva samples using paper-based immunoassays. This is achieved by guiding the samples and reagents to the test strip through different paths. By doing so, salivary substances that interfere with the particle-based sensing system are removed before they come into contact with the detection reagents, which greatly reduces the background. In addition, the stacking flow configuration enables uniform flow with a unique flow regulator, which leads to even test lines with good quantification capability, enabling the detection of ~20 ng mL−1 α-fetoprotein in the serum. We have successfully applied the stacking flow device to detect dengue-specific immunoglobulins that are present in salivary fluid.