青少年肥胖与高血压强烈相关

  近日，一项发表于国际杂志the American Journal of Hypertension上的研究论文中，来自特拉维夫医疗中心的研究人员发现，健康青少年的体重指数(BMI)或许和机体的收缩压及舒张压之间存在明显的统计学关系，相关研究或帮助强调了青少年肥胖率快速增长的全球性趋势。

  研究者Yaron Arbel表示，我们对71.5万名以色列的青少年进行了研究，收集了参与者从1998年至2011年间的医学检查数据，这些青少年中包括年龄在16至20岁的男性和女性参与者。结果发现，参与者的BMI和血压之间存在明显的统计学关联性，而且研究者在研究期间发现这两个参数每年都会发生明显地增加；过重青少年的比例从1998年的13.2%增加到了2011年的21%，而同时青少年高血压的比例也发生了增长，即男性从1998年的7%增长到了2011年的28%，女性从1998年的2%增加到了2011年的12%。

  BMI和血压之间的关联在女性参与者中要比男性更为明显一些，具体原因尚不清楚，研究人员假设这或许是由于特定的激素因子所致；Arbel说道，我们分析的重要发现就是在所有正常体重及过重群体中都发现BMI和个体机体的收缩压及舒张压之间存在正相关关联。

  最后研究者表示，这项研究也提出了需要考虑儿童肥胖期，肥胖的年轻人往往更存在患心血管疾病的风险因子，比如高胆固醇和高血压等，而这些风险因子更易于在那些肥胖的成年个体中发生，当然其也是成年人健康问题的主要风险，比如心脏病、2型糖尿病、中风、多种类型癌症及骨关节炎等。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）

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转化医学网推荐的原文阅读：

Trends in Adolescents Obesity and the Association between BMI and Blood Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Study in 714,922 Healthy Teenagers
Am J Hypertens doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpv007
Ehud Chorin1,*, Ayal Hassidim2,*, Michael Hartal2,3, Ofer Havakuk1, Nir Flint1, Tomer Ziv-Baran4 and Yaron Arbel1
BACKGROUND Seventeen percent of youth in the United States are obese. Obesity has been linked to higher prevalence of hypertension. Past studies were limited by their size and conflicting results. The aim of this study was to analyze trends in adolescents’ obesity between 1998 and 2011 and to evaluate the relationship between blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) in healthy adolescents.
METHODS All adolescents who underwent a medical exam in the years 1998–2011 and were found fit for combat duties in the Israeli Defense Force were included.
RESULTS The cohort included 714,922 healthy adolescents with 59% of them being males. The mean age was 17.4±0.45 and mean BMI was 22±3.5kg/m2. The percentage of overweight adolescents (BMI > 25kg/m2) has increased from 13.2% in 1998 to 21% in 2011, P < 0.001. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased with increasing BMI deciles (systolic blood pressure by 10mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure by 3–4mm Hg from the 1st decile to the 10th decile, P < 0.001 for both). In multivariate analysis, each increase of 1 unit of BMI was associated with an increased risk of systolic blood pressure above 130mm Hg in both males (OR = 1.108, 95% CI 1.107–1.110, P < 0.001) and females (OR = 1.114, 95% CI 1.139–1.146, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS BMI in adolescents is significantly associated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in both genders and in both the normal weight and overweight groups. There has been consistent trend of increasing BMI values over recent years.