一种光动力疗法或可使胰腺癌治疗变得简单化
导读 | 晚期胰腺癌患者往往会受益于光动力疗法(PDT,photodynamic therapy),但通常伴随的剂量测定法所需的资源往往是当前疗法的障碍;近日,来自Norris Cotton癌症研究中心的研究人员通过利用常见的临床技术对这种光动力疗法进行了改良,相关研究刊登于国际杂志Academic Radiology上。 |
晚期胰腺癌患者往往会受益于光动力疗法(PDT,photodynamic therapy),但通常伴随的剂量测定法所需的资源往往是当前疗法的障碍;近日,来自Norris Cotton癌症研究中心的研究人员通过利用常见的临床技术对这种光动力疗法进行了改良,相关研究刊登于国际杂志Academic Radiology上。
研究者Elliott说道,PDT是一种极具前景的疗法,但其并没有获得临床上的认可,因为其在放射量测定上存在一定困难,而放射量的测定对于确定疗法的剂量和有效性非常必要;而本文中研究者根据当前的常用临床技术推动了PDT疗法的应用,从而可以帮助理解药物和制剂如何在机体健康组织和肿瘤组织分布。
目前在PDT的剂量测定法中存在两个重要部分,即多少感光剂可以被运输至肿瘤中,以及多少光可以沉积在肿瘤中;药物的运输可以通过荧光成像进行测定,而荧光成像并不是一种常规管理胰腺癌的工具,因为其需要特殊的设备以及专业的操作才可以进行;而本文研究中,研究者发现,利用动态对比增强计算机断层摄影技术就可以对荧光成像值进行测定;而且他们还开发了一种临床前模型,其同常规的CT及超声内镜基本一致,传统的模型比如小鼠,其非常小,而且限制的成像的质量,而利用兔子模型进行研究,研究者就发现对胰腺癌兔子模型进行研究的结果可以进行重复,而且同CT及超声内镜的结果基本一致。
PDT可以以最小的副作用来提供对肿瘤的控制,而本文中研究也揭示了临床医生如何在没有额外负担及成本的情况下,将这种新型疗法同实践相结合给患者带来好处;利用标准的CT作为代替剂量测定法的方法,研究者就可以将PDT应用于多位患者机体中。接下来即将要面临的问题就是如何利用CT灌注来确定PDT针对每一个位病人的用量,以及是否存在其它的临床工具比如超声内镜来用于适用于资源有限的设备。最后研究者表示,下一步他们将通过更深入的研究来改善当前的光动力疗法,使其可以更好地应用于治疗人类的疾病。(转化医学网360zhyx.com)
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转化医学网推荐的原文摘要:
Perfusion CT Estimates Photosensitizer Uptake and Biodistribution in a Rabbit Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer Model
Academic Radiology doi:10.1016/j.acra.2014.12.014
Jonathan T. Elliott, PhD, Kimberley S. Samkoe, PhD, Jason R. Gunn, BS, Errol E. Stewart, PhD, Timothy B. Gardner, MD, Kenneth M. Tichauer, PhD, Ting-Yim Lee, PhD, P. Jack Hoopes, DVM, PhD, Stephen P. Pereira, MD, PhD, Tayyaba Hasan, PhD, Brian W. Pogue, PhD
Rationale and Objectives
It was hypothesized that perfusion computed tomography (CT), blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), and vascular permeability surface area (PS) product parameters would be predictive of therapeutic anticancer agent uptake in pancreatic cancer, facilitating image-guided interpretation of human treatments. The hypothesis was tested in an orthotopic rabbit model of pancreatic cancer, by establishing the model, imaging with endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and contrast CT, and spatially comparing the perfusion maps to the ex vivo uptake values of the injected photosensitizer, verteporfin.
Materials and Methods
Nine New Zealand white rabbits underwent direct pancreas implantation of VX2 tumors, and CT perfusion or EUS was performed 10 days postimplantation. Verteporfin was injected during CT imaging, and the tissue was removed 1 hour postinjection for frozen tissue fluorescence scanning. Region-of-interest comparisons of CT data with ex vivo fluorescence and histopathologic staining were performed.
Results
Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT showed enhanced BF, BV, and PS in the tumor rim and decreased BF, BV, and PS in the tumor core. Significant correlations were found between ex vivo verteporfin concentration and each of BF, BV, and PS.
Conclusions
The efficacy of verteporfin delivery in tumors is estimated by perfusion CT, providing a noninvasive method of mapping photosensitizer dose.
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