每天三杯酒精类饮料或可增加患肝癌的风险 咖啡则相反

  近日，来自世界癌症研究基金会研究人员发布的一项报告表示，每天喝三杯甚至更多酒精类饮料或许会增加人们患肝癌的可能性；但每天喝咖啡却会降低个体患肝癌的风险，这对于那些java编程爱好者来说或许是一个好消息，因为他们会经常喝咖啡来提神。

  这项研究中，研究者对全球范围内参加34项研究的820万人的研究数据进行了追踪分析，在所有参与者中共有2.45万肝癌病例；研究目的就是确定饮食、体重及体力活动如何影响个体患肝癌的风险，研究人员对这些研究数据进行收集汇总分析，随后进行独立评估。除了发现每日饮用三杯或更多酒精类饮料会增加个体患肝癌风险外，研究者还发现过重或肥胖也会增加个体患肝癌的风险。

  目前另外一个导致全球人口患肝癌的罪魁祸首就是被黄曲霉毒素污染的食物，黄曲霉毒素是一种由真菌产生的毒素，其主要来源于储藏的食物，这些毒素通常普遍存在于世界上温暖的发展中国家。容易被黄曲霉毒素污染的食物包括谷物、调味料、花生、开心果、巴西坚果、辣椒、黑胡椒粉、干果和无花果等。

  而这项研究则发现了咖啡、过重/肥胖和个体患肝癌风险之间的关系，而关于饮用酒精类饮料及被黄曲霉毒素污染的食物和肝癌之间的关联则早在2007年就被科学家们所发现了。最后研究者指出，我们可以通过一系列措施来降低患肝癌的风险，比如维持健康的体重、限制酒精类饮料或酒精的摄入量等措施。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）

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People who have three or more alcoholic drinks per day could be raising their odds for liver cancer, according to a report from a panel of experts.

But there was good news for java lovers: The report, from the World Cancer Research Fund International, found "strong evidence" that drinking coffee might actually lower a person's odds for liver cancer.

In drawing together the report, researchers tracked data on 8.2 million people who took part in 34 studies worldwide. There were a total of 24,500 liver cancer cases among the participants in the studies.

The objective was to determine how diet, weight and physical activity affect the risk of liver cancer. The studies were gathered and reviewed by a team at Imperial College London in England, and then independently assessed by a panel of international experts.

Along with the increased risk associated with having three or more alcoholic drinks a day, the investigators also found that being overweight or obese boosts the chances of developing liver cancer.

One other major global culprit driving liver cancer: foods contaminated by aflatoxins. Aflatoxins are toxins produced by fungi, often resulting from the improper storage of food. These toxins are generally found in foods from warmer, developing regions of the world, the researchers said.

Foods that may be affected by aflatoxins include cereals, spices, peanuts, pistachios, Brazil nuts, chili peppers, black pepper, dried fruit and figs, according to the report.

The findings about coffee and overweight/obesity are new. The findings about alcoholic drinks and aflatoxins were in a 2007 report.

According to the report's authors, you can reduce your risk of liver cancer by maintaining a healthy weight and by either not drinking or limiting alcohol intake to a maximum of two drinks a day for men and one drink a day for women, the new report said.