探戈或有助于帕金森患者疾病恢复

  近日，刊登在国际杂志Complementary Therapies in Medicine上的一篇研究论文中，来自蒙特利尔神经学研究所的研究者通过研究表示，跳阿根廷探戈舞或许对于处于特定阶段的帕金森患者具有潜在的效益，文章中研究者通过追踪患者为期12周的探戈教程来观察其运动能力的改变，同时这项研究也首次评估了探戈对非运动症状的效应。
  文章中研究者观察了是否个体的社会活动和物理活动和音乐有关，比如探戈，其对于帕金森患者(PD)或具有潜在的治疗价值，而PD患者通常遭受着运动功能障碍，即颤栗、僵化及步态功能障碍等，同时患者也经历着一些非运动的症状表现，比如抑郁、疲劳及认知退化等。
  本文研究中研究者招募了40名原发性的帕金森患病男性和女性，研究者Silvia Rios Romenets博士说道，本文研究为揭示机体习惯性的物理活动和患低风险的帕金森疾病之间的关联积累了一定的证据，通过研究我们发现探戈舞可以明显帮助改善患者的平衡及功能性的运动，同时我们也非常鼓励病人自己欣赏整个治疗过程；探戈对改善患者的认知功能及降低疲劳的疗效甚微。
  阿根廷探戈尤其可以明显改善PD患者的平衡和功能性的运动机能，探戈需要特殊的步子，即有节奏地向前或向后踏步，这或许可明显改善步行困难的患者，尤其是步伐僵硬的患者，其可以明显抑制患者摔倒；另外探戈需要工作记忆、对注意力的控制以及对新学习的知识进行多任务处理。
  许多PD病人发现传统的锻炼程序并没有什么吸引力，几乎一半的患者每天都不会进行推荐剂量的物理活动，然而揭示音乐和大脑多巴胺系统的关联对于建立和维持机体的行为都非常关键；因此将音乐同跳舞锻炼相结合，比如探戈或许就可以使得患者容易接受、并且能够坚持下去，同时也可以改善个体的情绪及刺激其认知能力。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）
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转化医学网推荐的原文摘要：

Tango for treatment of motor and non-motor manifestations in Parkinson's disease: A randomized control study. 
Complementary Therapies in Medicine    DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2015.01.015 
Silvia Rios Romenets, Julius Anang, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Amelie Pelletier, Ronald Postuma.
Objective
To determine effects of Argentine tango on motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease.
Design
Randomized control trial.
Participants
Forty patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
Setting
Movement disorder clinic and dance studio.
Intervention
Two randomized groups: group (N?=?18) with 24 partnered tango classes, and control self-directed exercise group (N?=?15).
Main outcomes measures
The primary outcome was overall motor severity. Secondary outcomes included other motor measures, balance, cognition, fatigue, apathy, depression and quality of life.
Results
On the primary intention-to-treat analysis there was no difference in motor severity between groups MDS-UPDRS-3 (1.6 vs.1.2-point reduction, p?=?0.85). Patient-rated clinical global impression of change did not differ (p?=?0.33), however examiner rating improved in favor of tango (p?=?0.02). Mini-BESTest improved in the tango group compared to controls (0.7?±?2.2 vs. ?2.7?±?5.9, p?=?0.032). Among individual items, tango improved in both simple TUG time (?1.3?±?1.6?s vs. 0.1?±?2.3, p?=?0.042) and TUG Dual Task score (0.4?±?0.9 vs. ?0.2?±?0.4, p?=?0.012), with borderline improvement in walk with pivot turns (0.2?±?0.5 vs. ?0.1?±?0.5, p?=?0.066). MoCa (0.4?±?1.6 vs. ?0.6?±?1.5, p?=?0.080) and FSS (?3.6?±?10.5 vs. 2.5?±?6.2, p?=?0.057) showed a non-significant trend toward improvement in the tango group. Tango participants found the activity more enjoyable (p?
Conclusion
Argentine tango can improve balance, and functional mobility, and may have modest benefits upon cognition and fatigue in Parkinson's disease. These findings must be confirmed in longer-term trials explicitly powered for cognition and fatigue.