开发温度计设备快速诊断心脏病指日可待

  诊断心脏病发作需要利用昂贵的设备进行多种检测才能够确定，但并不是每个人都有能力进行这样的检测，尤其是针对偏远地区的人们或低收入地区的个体；近日一篇刊登在国际杂志Analytical Chemistry上的研究论文中，来自国外的研究人员通过研究开发了一种简单的类似于温度计样的设备，其可以帮助医生快速进行心脏病发作的检测，该技术需要较少的材料，而且价格较低。
  研究者Sangmin Jeon指出，目前区分个体是否患心脏病的一种方法就是测定其机体血液中名为肌钙蛋白的水平，当血液从心脏中被截断后该蛋白的浓度就会升高，同时肌肉组织也会被损伤；如今检测肌钙蛋白需要大量昂贵的设备，而且通常并不能够进行即时使用而且不适于低收入的区域。
  在中低收入国家中四分之三的人口死亡都和心血管疾病相关，因此心脏病的早期诊断可以有效帮助降低相关个体的死亡风险和数量，因此本文中研究者就着力开发一种灵敏可用的检测手段。
  受到酒精和汞温度计启发，研究人员就开发出了一种类似于温度计的设备来进行肌钙蛋白的检测，该设备包括很多部分：玻璃瓶、特殊的纳米颗粒、墨水滴及细管子，当将含有肌钙蛋白的血清同纳米颗粒相混合，随后置于玻璃瓶中时，墨水就会升高至突出的小管中，这样就可以通过肉眼进行结果的观察了，就好比读取温度计一样。
  最后研究者表示，新型温度计样设备的开发或许在后期可以帮助快速检测个体是否患有心脏病，对于开发新型疗法以及有效的预防手段将带来非常大的帮助。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）
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转化医学网推荐的原文摘要：

Facile Detection of Troponin I Using Dendritic Platinum Nanoparticles and Capillary Tube Indicators
Anal. Chem   DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00921
Sanghee Lee , Donghoon Kwon , Changyong Yim , and Sangmin Jeon * 
A facile method was developed for the detection of Troponin I (TnI) using dendritic platinum nanoparticles and capillary tube indicators. Dendritic platinum nanoparticles were functionalized with TnI antibodies, which were used to capture TnI in human serum. The captured TnI was conjugated to the inner surface of a glass vial, to which a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution was added. After the glass vial was sealed with a screw cap containing a silicon septum, a capillary tube containing a drop of ink was inserted through the septum. The catalytic dissociation of H2O2 to water and oxygen increased the pressure inside the glass vial and raised the ink level in the capillary tube. The ink level increased with the platinum nanoparticle concentration, which is proportional to the TnI concentration. The sensitivity of this assay for TnI in human serum after a 5 min dissociation reaction, detected with the naked eye, was 0.1 ng/mL, which was better than the sensitivity of the conventional colorimetric method using the TMB oxidation reaction under the same experimental conditions. A control experiment using alpha-fetoprotein, interleukin-5, and C-reactive protein revealed that the developed method was highly selective for the detection of TnI.