单独晒太阳或并不足以补充孕妇机体所需的维生素D

  近日，在都柏林召开的欧洲内分泌大会上，来自国外的研究人员通过研究指出，尽管孕妇晒太阳的水平较高，但其仍然面临着机体维生素D缺乏的现象，该研究或可帮助降低和维生素缺乏相关的早期儿童疾病的发生，比如先兆子痫、妊娠糖尿病、骨质形成障碍及紧急剖腹分娩等疾病。
  一般认为，晒太阳可以有效维持机体维生素D的水平，因此研究人员会认为地中海女性相比其它北欧地区女性维生素D缺少的风险要低，然而在诸如西班牙、意大利、土耳其等国家里，维生素D的缺乏在怀孕的女性中达到了90%。
  这项研究发现，种族、社会及文化习惯都会中和晒太阳维持机体维生素D水平的效益，研究者Karras Spiros说道，我们对2649名孕妇及1802名新生儿机体维生素D水平的相关研究进行了系统性的回顾，同时也分析了许多不同因子，比如年龄、体重指数、种族、社会状态、皮肤类型、吸烟状态、钙质和维生素D摄入等对机体的效应，结果显示，母源性维生素D缺失的最佳预测子就是黑皮肤、种族及女性的穿衣习惯。
  缺乏维生素D的女性或许会使得其自身和婴儿患多种疾病及并发症的风险增加，而阐明维生素D对机体总体的健康对于孕妇及新生儿的健康也至关重要。下一步研究人员将利用机器对母源性的维生素缺乏及补充给药进行大规模的系统性分析筛选，研究者非常高兴可以引入检测和补充治疗的手段来帮助维持孕妇的健康，从而为确保下一代可以健康成长提供一定的保障。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）
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Despite high levels of sunshine, low levels of vitamin D during pregnancy are common in Mediterranean women according to a study presented today at the European Congress of Endocrinology in Dublin. This finding should help lower the prevalence of early childhood diseases associated with Vitamin D deficiency such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, disorders in bone formation, higher risk of emergency caesarean delivery and premature birth.

It's commonly believed that sun exposure is key to maintaining normal levels of vitamin D and therefore assumed that Mediterranean women are at lower risk of hypovitaminosis than those from Northern Europe. However in countries such as Spain, Italy, Greece and Turkey, Vitamin D deficiency occurs in up to 90 % of pregnant populations.

This study shows that racial, social and cultural habits counteract the benefits of sun exposure on Vitamin D levels. Dr Karras Spiros and colleagues at the Aristotle University of Thesaloniki, Greece carried out a systematic review of vitamin D levels in 2,649 pregnant women and 1,802 newborn babies. They studied the effect of a number of different factors including, age, body mass index, race, socioeconomic status, skin types, period of gestation, sun exposure, calcium and vitamin D intake, smoking status, time of year of birth and pregnancy complications. They found that the best predictors of maternal vitamin D deficiency were dark skin, race and dress habits.

Dr Karras said, ―Pregnant women with vitamin D deficiencies may be at greater risk of various problems and complications, both for themselves and their babies. It's imperative for pregnant women and the medical community at large, to recognise the importance of vitamin D in overall health.

Ideally, the next stage of the research is to implement systematic screening for maternal hypovitaminosis and supplementation in a large scale European project. ―We are excited about the potential of integrating testing and supplementation into medical practice, making it a standard of care across Europe‖ said Dr Karras. ―Keeping future mothers healthy and giving babies the best start at life, may help EU health programmes for Southern European Countries to achieve their mission to reduce infant mortality and the number of low birth weight babies.