研究表明：想过目不忘？多睡一会儿吧！

  近日，一项刊登于国际杂志Cortex上的研究论文中，来自埃克塞特大学等处的研究人员通过研究发现，睡觉不仅可以保护记忆不被遗忘，而且还可以促进我们大脑更加有效地记忆，相关研究表明，睡眠充足后我们或许会对平时觉醒状态下不易记住的事物更加快速地记忆。
  当在经历12个小时的过程中如果我们忘记了某些信息时，睡个好觉就可以促进我们对过去记忆信息的回忆，研究者表示，这项研究中我们追踪了个体在一整晚睡觉之前或相同时间的清醒状态下对新型组成单词学习记忆的变化情况。参与者在看到单词后快速复述单词随后在睡眠或清醒一段时间后再次复述单词。
  关键的差异在于在这些单词记忆中，参与者在即刻测验和12小时候再次测试时均可以记住单词，而那些在即刻测试时未记住的单词在再次测试时最终也可以记住。相比白天的清醒状态，睡眠可以帮助“救援”我们大脑中召唤不回来的记忆，而这远远超出了睡眠抑制记忆流失的程度。
  研究者Nicolas Dumay教授指出，睡眠几乎可以加倍我们记住此前未被召唤回的记忆素材，而睡眠后对记忆的增强则更容易阐明某些记忆在过夜后变得非常敏锐；当我们处于熟睡状态时，我们往往会积极地预演被标记为重要的信息，而后期还需要更多的研究来揭示机体这种信息预演的重要性，比如其可以使得记忆在更广阔的背景下被快速读取，从而使得机体可以更加有效地利用记忆。
  大家都知道睡眠对于记忆的益处，而且睡眠被认为可以帮助机体记住某些事件；敏锐的记忆可以使得我们大脑中关于记忆的信息更加生动且通俗易懂，然而其中所涉及的机制尚不清楚。最后研究者表示，睡眠不仅可以预防记忆被忘掉，而且还可以促进机体记忆力的发展。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）
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Sleep makes our memories more accessible, study shows
Sleeping not only protects memories from being forgotten, it also makes them easier to access, according to new research from the University of Exeter and the Basque Centre for Cognition, Brain and Language. The findings suggest that after sleep we are more likely to recall facts which we could not remember while still awake. 

In two situations where subjects forgot information over the course of 12 hours of wakefulness, a night's sleep was shown to promote access to memory traces that had initially been too weak to be retrieved.

The research, published today in the journal Cortex, tracked memories for novel, made-up words learnt either prior to a night's sleep, or an equivalent period of wakefulness. Subjects were asked to recall words immediately after exposure, and then again after the period of sleep or wakefulness.

The key distinction was between those word memories which participants could remember at both the immediate test and the 12-hour retest, and those not remembered at test, but eventually remembered at retest.

The researcher found that, compared to daytime wakefulness, sleep helped rescue unrecalled memories more than it prevented memory loss.

Nicolas Dumay of the University of Exeter explains: "Sleep almost doubles our chances of remembering previously unrecalled material. The post-sleep boost in memory accessibility may indicate that some memories are sharpened overnight. This supports the notion that, while asleep, we actively rehearse information flagged as important. More research is needed into the functional significance of this rehearsal and whether, for instance, it allows memories to be accessible in a wider range of contexts, hence making them more useful."......