64篇中国伪评审论文 谁之过？

2015年内两次大规模学术论文撤稿，一次43篇，是生物医学开放期刊BMC公司，最近8月18日是Springer公司旗下另10份期刊撤稿64篇。两次撤稿的原因都是伪造同行评审，因为BMC公司本身也是Springer公司旗下，所以可以认为这是一次事件两次发布。
  如果认真看看这些论文的单位，你会发现存在一些规律：大多数来自国内著名大型医院，尤其是著名医科大学或综合大学的著名附属医院。这背后到底怎么回事，让医院医生成为这一尴尬事件的主要角色？带着这一疑问，记者电话采访了一些学者，并初步整理如下。
  首先，无论任何原因，都不能开拓这一事件的责任。无论具体操作过程如何，最终因为审稿操作原因撤稿，肯定所有作者都需要承担责任。因为发表论文和投稿过程出现问题的责任人是作者，这些过程都不能容忍任何不恰当的行为。伪造同行，无论是作者故意，还是代理公司故意行为，都不能作为借口。
  其次，这一问题应该引起医疗管理部门的重视。不能简单地追究作者责任，而应该反思是否是因为管理和制度性因素带来的系统性问题。如果不痛定思痛地纠正一些问题，这种现象或许无法杜绝，甚至会愈演愈烈。可能的因素包括，模糊了医疗和学术研究的界限，将医生晋升过分依赖学术研究，其次是模糊了学术研究和学术论文的差别，不考虑学术研究的具体价值，只按照学术论文发表杂志进行区分。被撤稿的论文中许多属于荟萃分析类文章，这类文章是根据他人发表的学术论文进行数据挖掘，重新分析，是一种重要的医学研究论文。但因为这种文章不需要开展试验，只需要数据分析，这给某些单纯发表论文为目的的学者提供了方便，而且由于不需要具体研究，也给枪手操作带来了方便。又因为出版本身带有商业因素，论文只要按照规范写成，发表几乎是一种必然。
  再次，学术论文发表是学者交流的主要方式，诚信是学术研究的最起码道德要求，因此必须从根本上建立学者道德养成，道德规范和道德文化性建设。要把诚信作为考察学者的第一标准，不诚信就根本谈不上学者。整个学术社会要立刻行动起来，从每个人，每个小组，每个团体做起。诚信是学者学术生命的第一元素。
  客观、认真、负责和诚信也是医生必须具备的道德底线，如果写文章都可以找枪手，如果发表论文都可以让公司代理，虽然有许多客观原因，但是主观上认为无所谓，或者明知故犯也不无可能。
  为什么这种情况集中在大医院，主要是因为要求发表国外论文晋升的规定就集中在这类医院，而这类医院并不是所有人都具备发表论文的条件，或者资源不够，或者经费不足，或者能力不及，但都没有用，要在这种医院内生存，发表论文是基本条件，否则只能走人，能发表论文的人很多，医院需要，随时可以引进。据说这种荒唐都惊动了总理，大家多希望管理机构能寻找到解决问题的方法。
  国际出版伦理委员会(COPE)主席Virginia Barbour博士认为。由于学术文章发表后所得的利益回报远超对不端行为的惩治力度,越来越复杂的欺诈方法应运而生,甚至催生了一个行业——“学术文章代理”。近期引起广泛关注的典型的学术不端事件使得这个行业的种种黑幕得以曝光，同时揭示了其背后的深刻原因，即这些代理机构利用了学术激励机制与出版业国际化这些特点。如何解决这类问题，Virginia Barbour博士认为，期刊或出版机构一旦发现问题，应迅速采取行动。例如期刊和出版社通过撤稿来纠正错误和消除其影响。然后要联系跟进撤稿作者所在机构。让管理机构和学者们广泛重视学术诚信问题也非常重要。对欺诈或不当行为不当的激励机制可能来自重要驱动因素，如晋升、终身教授任职或学术职位等，金钱或物质奖励并不是关键因素。除非管理者认识到对学者审核的真正目标和本质内容，选择简单量化标准会增加学者压力，导致这些高智商人群部分人选择打制度擦边球，甚至转向那些可以为他们提供不端行为服务的不良公司。

  附：涉及单位名单
  盛京医院 8篇
  中国医科大学附属第四医院 5篇
  中国医科大学附属第一医院 2篇
  哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院 2篇
  黑龙江省医院 2篇
  吉林大学中日联谊医院 2篇
  山东大学第二医院 2篇
  哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院 1篇
  大连医科大学附属第一医院 1篇
  上海长征医院 2篇
  上海市浦东医院 2篇
  上海第十人民医院 1篇
  济南军区总医院 2篇
  上海瑞金医院 1篇
  上海长海医院 1篇
  复旦大学附属儿科医院 1篇
  中国人民解放军总医院 1篇
  中国人民解放军总医院第一附属医院 1篇
  北京宣武医院 1篇
  北京阜外医院 1篇
  成都军区总医院 1篇
  南京军区福州总医院 1篇
  安徽医科大学附属第二医院 1篇
  烟台山医院 1篇
  无锡市中医医院 1篇

  1. RETRACTED ARTICLE:Correlation of Promoter Methylation in the MGMT Gene with Glioma Risk andPrognosis: a Meta-AnalysisXiang Dong, Rong-Yao Liu, Wei-Dong Chen in MolecularNeurobiology (2015)Department of Neurology, FirstHospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Peoples Republic of China
  2. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effectsof Common Polymorphisms in the MTHFR and ACE Genes on Diabetic PeripheralNeuropathy Progression: a Meta-AnalysisShuai Wu, Yan Han, Qiang Hu, Xiao-JieZhang, Guang-Cheng Cui… in Molecular Neurobiology (2015)Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road
  3. RETRACTED ARTICLE:Cotransplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal and haplo-hematopoieticstem cells in patients with severe aplastic anemia Lixin Xu, Zhouyang Liu,Yamei Wu, Xueliang Yang, Yongbin Cao, Xiaohong Li… in Cytotechnology (2015)Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital ofChinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing100853, China
  4. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effectsof Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cognitive Impairment inStroke Patients: A Meta-AnalysisLei Cao, Rui Zhao, Su Huo, Ju-Bao Du, Lin Liu,Yan-Ming Zhang… in Molecular Neurobiology (2015)Departmentof Rehabilitation, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, ChangchunStreet, Xicheng District No. 45, Beijing 100053, Department of Orthopaedics,Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032
  5. RETRACTED ARTICLE:GelsemiumElegansBenth alkaloids extract induced cell cycle arrest resulting inanti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects on SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and invivo Shouye Zhao, Peng Liu, Xinyuan Wen, Song Jin in Molecular Biology Reports(2015) Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, AffiliatedHospital of Jining Medical College, Guhuai Road 79#, Jining 272029, Shandong
  6. RETRACTED ARTICLE:Significance of Increased Serum Interleukin-18 Levels in Stroke Patients: AMeta-Analysis Yong Hao, Qiang Hu, Xiao-Jie Zhang, Jian-Qi Xiao, Ze-Zhi Li… inMolecular Neurobiology (2015)Department ofNeurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University,No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433
  7. RETRACTED ARTICLE:Prognostic Significance of Osteopontin and Carbonic Anhydrase 9 in Human BrainTumors: A Meta-Analysis Liang-Yu Chen, Li-Bo Liu, Xin-Xing Li, Qi Yu, Bo Yu,Yang Hong… in Molecular Neurobiology (2015) Departmentof Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street No.36,Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110004,
  8. RETRACTED ARTICLE:Relationship of Serum Heart-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Levels and CerebralInfarction: a Meta-analysis Bao-Liang Sun, Ming-Feng Yang, Xiao-Yi Yang,Jing-Yi Sun… in Molecular Neurobiology (2015)KeyLab of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Taishan MedicalUniversity, Taian 271000
  9. Retraction Note to: TheInfluence of mtDNA Deletion on Lung Cancer Cells Under the Conditions ofHypoxia and Irradiation Cheng-Bo Han, Li Sun, Jie-Tao Ma, Yao-Yong Li, Shu-LingZhang, Dong-Mei Bai… in Lung (2015) Department ofOncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.39 Huaxiang Road,Tiexi District, Shenyang 110022, China
  10. Retraction Note to: Effectof NS-398, a cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor, on the cytotoxicity ofcytotoxic T lymphocytes to ovarian carcinoma cells Xinyan Wang, Yu Liang, JunWang, Min Wang in Tumor Biology (2015) Department ofGynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004
  11. Retraction Note to: ATF3and Extracellular Matrix-Related Genes Associated with the Process of ChronicObstructive Pulmonary Jia Ye, Li Wen, De-Ling Liu, Guo-xiang Lai in Lung (2015)Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, PLA, 156 Xihuan Bei Road, Fuzhou350025,
  12. Retraction Note to: Commonpolymorphism in the MMP-13 gene may contribute to the risk of human cancers: ameta-analysis Ping Gao, Jun-Lan Yang, Hong Zhao, Jun-Hao You, Yi Hu in TumorBiology (2015) Department of Oncology, Chinese PLAGeneral Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road Haidian District, Beijing 100853,
  13. Retraction Note to:Correlation between PARP-1 Val762Ala polymorphism and the risk of lung cancerin a Chinese population Ping Yu, Yun-Peng Liu, Jing-Dong Zhang, Xiu-Juan Qu, BoJin, Ye Zhang in Tumor Biology (2015)Department ofMedical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Nanjing SouthStreet No. 155, Heping District,Shenyang 110001
  14. Retraction Note to:ChIP-seq analysis of androgen receptor in LNCaP cell line Sifeng Tao, HaifeiHe, Qiang Chen in Molecular Biology Reports (2015)Departmentof Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, ZhejiangUniversity,
  15. Retraction Note to: Acomprehensive analysis of candidate genes and pathways in pancreatic cancer JieLiu, Jun Li, Hali Li, Aidong Li, Biou Liu, Liou Han in Tumor Biology (2015) Department of general surgery, The First Affiliated Hospitalof Harbin Medical University, No.23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin150001
  16. Retraction Note to:Relationship of serum MMP-7 levels for colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis Xiao-Jing Xing, Xiao-Hu Gu, Tian-FeiMa in Tumor Biology (2015) Department of InternalOncology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44, XiaoheyanRoad, Dadong District,
  17. Retraction Note to:Relationship between VEGF protein expression and lymph node metastasis inpapillary thyroid carcinoma among Asians: a meta-analysis De-Feng Chang,Zhong-Qing Xu, Bin Sun in Tumor Biology (2015) Department of General Surgery, Heilongjiang Hospital, Road No. 82 Xiangfang District, Zhongshan, Harbin 150000,People
  18. Retraction Note to:Protein-Protein Interaction Network Analysis in Chronic Obstructive PulmonaryDisease Hong Bao, Jiaman Wang, Ding Zhou, Zhaoyong Han, Ling Su, Yuan Zhang,Xiong Ye… in Lung (2015) Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai PudongHospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center,No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Shanghai 201399,
  19. Retraction Note to: Distinctive pathways characterize A.actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis Jing Lv, Yi-Xin Zhu, Ying-Qun Liu, XinXue in Molecular Biology Reports (2015)Department of Pediatrics,School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, No. 143 Yiman Street, Harbin,150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  20. Retraction Note to:Comparison of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CC), andcombined HCC-CC (CHC) with each other based on microarray dataset Lishan Wang,Weidong Zang, Dongli Xie, Weidong Ji, Yaosheng Pan… in Tumor Biology (2015)Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental andNeuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai, 200030, People’s Republic of China
  21. Retraction Note to:Construction of pancreatic cancer double-factor regulatory network based onchip data on the transcriptional level Li-Li Zhao, Tong Zhang, Bing-Rong Liu,Tie-Fu Liu, Na Tao… in Molecular Biology Reports (2015)Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of HarbinMedical University, No. 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001,Heilongjiang, China
  22. Retraction Note to:Identification of genes associated with the differentiation potential ofadipose-derived stem cells to osteocytes or myocytes Yizhong Ren, Changxu Han,Jingjuan Wang, Yanbo Jia… in Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry (2015)Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing City, 400016, China
  23. Retraction Note to:Correlation of IL-1F genetic polymorphisms with the risk of colorectal canceramong Chinese populations Ming Ma, Guo-Jiang Jin, Ke Yun, Run-Qing Mu, MinZhao, Xiao-Ou Yu… in Tumor Biology (2015)Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China MedicalUniversity, Nanjing Street No. 155, Heping District, Shenyang, 110000, People’sRepublic of China
  24. Retraction Note to:Identification of featured biomarkers in different types of lung cancer withDNA microarray Chao Zhou, Hao Chen, Li Han, An Wang, Liang-an Chen in MolecularBiology Reports (2015) Department ofRespiratory Medicine, Zhou Pu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong newDistrict, Shanghai, 201318, China。Departmentof Respiratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
  25. Retraction Note to:Association of Catechol-O-methyltransferase val/met polymorphism with cognitivefunction in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome patients Weidong Ji, Ning Li, KangJu, Hong Zheng, Chuang Yang, Ping Xu… in Neurological Sciences (2015) Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Changning Mental HealthCenter, No 299 Xiehe Road, Shanghai, 200335, China Department of Psychiatry,West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, China
  26. Retraction Note to:Prognostic value of CD133 expression in cancer patients treated withchemoradiotherapy: a meta-analysis Jin-Hai Zhai, Wen-Chao Gu, Xiao-Lin Xu,Jiang Wu, Xue-Jun Hu, Ke-Zhu Hou in Tumor Biology (2015) (1)GI Medicine, Wuxi TCM Hospital, Wuxi, 214000, People’sRepublic of China(2)Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pudong NewArea, People’ s Hospital, No. 490, Chuan Ring Road, Chuansha town, Shanghai,200000, People’s Republic of China(3)Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic ofChina(4)Department of First General Surgery, Shi Dong Hospital, No. 999,Shiguang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, People’s Republic of China
  27. Retraction Note to: Therole of TGFβ1 stimulating ROCK I signal pathway to reorganize actin in a ratexperimental model of developmental dysplasia of the hip Xinhong Pei, YueqiangMo, Bo Ning, Zhe Yuan… in Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry (2015)Departmentof Orthopaedics, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road,Minhang District, Shanghai, 201102, China Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics,Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China (3)Department ofMolecular Genetics and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tongji University,Shanghai, 200092, China
  28. Retraction Note to: Roleof RASSF1A promoter methylation in the pathogenesis of hepatocellularcarcinoma: a meta-analysis of 21 cohort studies Yong-Shuang Li, Qiang Xie,Da-Ye Yang, Yuan Zheng in Molecular Biology Reports (2015) Department of Emergency Surgery, The Fourth AffiliatedHospital of China Medical University, ChongshanEast Road No. 4, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110032, People’s Republic of China
  29. Retraction Note to: Therole of cystatin C in vascular remodeling of balloon-injured abdominal aorta ofrabbits Xiang-Jun Wu, Zhao-Qiang Dong, Qing-Hua Lu in Molecular Biology Reports(2015) Department of CardiovascularMedicine, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Beiyuan Street No. 247,Jinan, 250033, People’s Republic of China (2)Department of CardiovascularMedicine, Binzhou City People’s Hospital of Shandong Province, Binzhou, 256600,People’s Republic of China
  30. Retraction Note to:Knockdown of filaggrin influences the epidermal terminal differentiation viaMAPK pathway in normal human epidermal keratinocytes Ningning Dang, ShuguangPang, Haiyan Song, Hong Bian… in Molecular Biology Reports (2015)(1) Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central HospitalAffiliated to Shandong University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013,Shandong Province, China(2)College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University,Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China(3)Department of Endocrinology, JinanCentral Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province,China(4)Department of Neurology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to ShandongUniversity, Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, China(5)Central Laboratory, JinanCentral Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, No. 105 Jiefang Road,Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, China
  31. Retraction Note to:Silencing of the Smad nuclear interacting protein 1 (SNIP1) by siRNA inhibitsproliferation and induces apoptosis in pituitary adenoma cells Xianzhen Chen,Fei Xue, Tianhao Xie, Chun Luo in Tumor Biology (2015)(1) Department of Neurosurgery, ChangzhengHospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415 FengYang Road, Shanghai,200003, China(2) Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital,Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
  32. Retraction Note to: Aninfectious molecular clone in early infection with HIV-1 subtype CRF01_AEstrains: construction and biological properties Hong-Wei Wang, Bin Zhu, Li-JuanHou, Guang-Jian Lu… in Molecular Biology Reports (2015)The First Department of Infectious, The First Affiliated Hospital of XinxiangMedical University, Weihui, 453100, China(2) The Second Department ofInfectious, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Weihui, 453100, China(3) Department of Inspection, The First AffiliatedHospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, China
  33. Retraction Note to:Relationships between genetic polymorphisms in inflammation-related factor geneand the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal cancerYan-Li Qu, Hong Yu, Yan-Zhi Chen,Yu-Xia Zhao, Guang-Jun Chen, Lu Bai… in Tumor Biology (2015) Department ofRadiation Oncology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,Chongshan Earth Street Number 4, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110032, China.
  34. Retraction Note to: Single-nucleotidepolymorphisms of LIG1 associated with risk of lung cancer Yan-Zhi Chen,Zeng-Hui Fan, Yu-Xia Zhao, Lu Bai, Bao-Shen Zhou… in Tumor Biology (2015)(1)Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth AffiliatedHospital of China Medical University, Chongshan East Street No. 4, YuhongDistrict, Shenyang, 110032, People’s Republic of China(2)Department ofRadiation Oncology, Chinese Medicine Hospital in Linyi City, Jiefang Street No.211, Lanshan District, Linyi, 276000, People’s Republic of China(3)Departmentof Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China MedicalUniversity, 110001, Shenyang, 110032, People’s Republic of China(4)Departmentof Radiation Oncology, The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region,Shenyang, 110032, People’s Republic of China(5)Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, People’sRepublic of China
  35. Retraction Note to:Correlations of SELE genetic polymorphisms with risk of coronary heart diseaseand myocardial infarction: a meta-analysisZhao-Qiang Dong, Xiang-Jun Wu, Qing-Hua Lu in Molecular Biology Reports (2015) Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Hospitalof Shandong University, No. 247 Beiyuan Street, Tianqiao District, Jinan,250033, People’s Republic of China
  36. Retraction Note to:Correlations of IFN-γ genetic polymorphisms with susceptibility to breastcancer: a meta-analysis Chun-Jiang Li, Yue Dai,Yan-Jun Fu, Jia-Ming Tian, Jin-Lun Li, Hong-Jun Lu… in Tumor Biology (2015)(1)College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, YanshanUniversity, Hebei Street No. 438, Qinhuangdao, 066004, People’s Republic ofChina(2)College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007,People’s Republic of China(3)The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, People’s Republic of China(4)The Second AffiliatedHospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, People’s Republic ofChina(5)College of Animal Science, Northwest A&F University, Xinong StreetNo. 22, Yangling, 712100, People’s Republic of China
  37. Retraction Note to:Relationships of COX2 and MMP12 genetic polymorphisms with chronic obstructivepulmonary disease risk: a meta-analysisXiao-Ling Yu, Jun Zhang, Fei Zhao, Xiao-Ming Pan in Molecular Biology Reports(2015) Department of Respiratory Medicine,The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, South Seven RoadNo. 102, Heping District, Shenyang, 110005, People’s Republic of China
  38. Retraction Note to:Relationships of LDLR genetic polymorphisms with cerebral infarction: a meta-analysis Hai-Cheng Yan, Wei Wang, Chang-Wu Dou,Fu-Ming Tian… in Molecular Biology Reports (2015)(1)Departmentof Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Avenue NorthRoad No. 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, People’s Republic of China(2)Department ofRespiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou,510120, People’s Republic of China(3)Department of Neurosurgery, AffiliatedHospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, People’sRepublic of China
  39. Retraction Note to:Aberrant promoter methylation of RASSF1A gene may be correlated with colorectalcarcinogenesis: a meta-analysis He-Ling Wang, YuZhang, Peng Liu, Ping-Yi Zhou in Molecular Biology Reports (2015) Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China,Medical University, Huaxiang Road No. 39, Tiexi, Shenyang, 110022, People’sRepublic of China
  40. Retraction Note to:Correlations of SELE and SELP genetic polymorphisms with myocardial infarctionrisk: a meta-analysis and meta-regression Yu-JuanZhao, Xia Yang, Li Ren, An-Sheng Cai, Yan-Fen Zhang in Molecular BiologyReports (2015) Department of Cardiology, The FirstAffiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street No. 23,Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, P.R. China